Previously known as New Amsterdam and formerly in the hands of the Dutch, in 1664 the settlement, now known as New York, found itself under British rule.
The city's name change occurred in June 1665, when it was formally adopted and renamed in honour of the Duke of York, brother of King Charles II.
The reason behind this change can be traced back to a tiny island called Run, in modern-day Malaysia, which played a significant role in the international conflict between expanding and competing empires.
The city found itself acquiring a new name and with new rulers, the British.
Author's summary: New York was renamed in 1665 after the Duke of York.